QAZAQSTAN RESPÝBLIKASYNYē BILIM JÁNE ƦYLYM MINISTRLIGI Ó. SULTAN۩AZIN ATYNDA۩Y
QOSTANAI MEMLEKETTIK PEDAGOGIKALYQ ÝNIVERSITETI
«SultanƧazin oqýlary» I-shi Halyqaralyq Ƨylymi-praktikalyq konferensiasynyĔ
MATERIALDARY
17-18 mamyr 2019
ɆȺɌȿɊɂȺɅɕ
I-ɨɣ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ «ɋɭɥɬɚɧɝɚɡɢɧɫɤɢɟ ɱɬɟɧɢɹ»
17-18 ɦɚɹ 2019
MATERIALS
of the I
stInternational scientific and practical conference «Sultangazin readings»
May 17-18, 2019
Qostanai, 2019
ԤɈɀ 378 (094) ɄȻɀ 74.58
ɋ 89
ɊȿȾȺɄɐɂə ȺɅԔȺɋɕ Ȼɚɫ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɨɪ Ψɛɿɥ ȿɪɤɿɧ ȺɦɚɧɠɨɥΡɥɵ
ɬɚɪɢɯ ԑɵɥɵɦɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɞɨɤɬɨɪɵ, ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪ Ȼɚɫ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɨɪɞɵԙ ɨɪɵɧɛɚɫɚɪɥɚɪɵ:
Ɇɟɞɟɬɨɜ ɇɭɪɥɚɧ Ⱥɦɢɪɨɜɢɱ
ɮɢɡɢɤɚ-ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɤɚ ԑɵɥɵɦɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɞɨɤɬɨɪɵ Ɍɚɲɟɬɨɜ Ⱥɦɚɧɠɨɥ Ⱥɫɤɚɪɨɜɢɱ
PhD ɞɨɤɬɨɪɵ
Ɋɟɞɚɤɰɢɹɥɵԕ ɚɥԕɚ ɦԛɲɟɥɟɪɿ:
ɍɬɟɝɟɧɨɜɚ Ȼɢɛɢɤɭɥɶ Ɇɚɡɚɧɨɜɧɚ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚɥɵԕ ԑɵɥɵɦɞɚɪ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɵ, ɞɨɰɟɧɬ
ȿɜɞɨɤɢɦɨɜɚ Ɉɥɶɝɚ ɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜɧɚ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚɥɵԕ ԑɵɥɵɦɞɚɪ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɵ
Ȼɚɥɝɚɛɚɟɜɚ Ƚɚɭɯɚɪ Ɂɤɪɢɹɧɨɜɧɚ ɬɚɪɢɯ ԑɵɥɵɦɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɵ, ɞɨɰɟɧɬ
ɀɭɦɚɛɚɟɜ Ʉɚɧɚɬ Ⱥɤɚɧɨɜɢɱ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɭɤ Ȼɨɛɪɟɧɤɨ Ɇɚɪɢɧɚ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɨɜɧɚ
ɋɚɬɛɚɟɜɚ Ɇɭɫɧɚɣ Ɍɭɥɟɝɟɧɨɜɧɚ ɀɢɟɧɛɚɟɜɚ Ⱥɢɞɚ ȺɦɚɧɠɨɥΙɵɡɵ
ɋ 89
«ɋԝɥɬɚɧԑɚɡɢɧ ɨԕɭɥɚɪɵ» ɯɚɥɵԕɚɪɚɥɵԕ ԑɵɥɵɦɢ-ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɹɫɵɧɵԙ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɞɚɪɵ. = Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ
«ɋɭɥɬɚɧɝɚɡɢɧɫɤɢɟ ɱɬɟɧɢɹ». = Materials of the international scientific and practical
conference on «Sultangazin readings». – Ԕɨɫɬɚɧɚɣ, 2019.
ISBN 978-601-7934-72-9
«ɋԝɥɬɚɧԑɚɡɢɧ ɨԕɭɥɚɪɵ» ɯɚɥɵԕɚɪɚɥɵԕ ԑɵɥɵɦɢ-ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɹɫɵɧɵԙ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɞɚɪɵ ɠɢɧɚԑɵɧɞɚ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɛɟɪɭ ɠԛɣɟɫɿɧ ɞɚɦɵɬɭ ɦɟɧ ɤɚɞɪɥɚɪɞɵ ɞɚɹɪɥɚɭɞɵԙ ԑɵɥɵɦɢ ԥɥɟɭɟɬɿɧ ɚɪɬɬɵɪɭ, ԕɨԑɚɦɞɵ ɞɚɦɵɬɭɞɵԙ ɦɚԙɵɡɞɵ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɿ ɠԥɧɟ «Ɇԥԙɝɿɥɿɤ ȿɥ» ɛɚԑɞɚɪɥɚɦɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɬɟɪɿɧ ɠԛɡɟɝɟ ɚɫɵɪɭ ɠɚɣɵɧɞɚ ɡɟɪɬɬɟɭɥɟɪ ɠɚɪɵԕ ɤԧɪɞɿ.
ȼ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɯ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ «ɋɭɥɬɚɧɝɚɡɢɧɫɤɢɟ ɱɬɟɧɢɹ»
ɨɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɤɚɞɪɨɜ, ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ «Ɇԥԙɝɿɥɿɤ ɟɥ».
The materials of the international scientific-practical conference «Sultangazin Readings» are devoted to studies of topical issues of the development of the education system and the scientific potential of personnel training, society and the implementation of the basic principles of the program «Ɇԥԙɝɿɥɿɤ ɟɥ»
ԤɈɀ 378 (094) ɄȻɀ 74.58 Ϊ. ɋΡɥɬɚɧΕɚɡɢɧ ɚɬɵɧɞɚΕɵ Θɨɫɬɚɧɚɣ ɦɟɦɥɟɤɟɬɬɿɤ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚɥɵΙ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɿɧɿΝ
Δɵɥɵɦɢ ɤɟΝɟɫɿɧɿΝ ɲɟɲɿɦɿɦɟɧ ɛɚɫɩɚΕɚ ΡɫɵɧɵɥΕɚɧ
ɀɢɧɚΙɬɚ ΡɫɵɧɵɥΕɚɧ ɦɚΙɚɥɚɥɚɪɞɵΝ ɦɚɡɦΡɧɵ Οɲɿɧ ɠɟɤɟ ɚɜɬɨɪ(ɥɚɪ) ɠɚɭɚɩɬɵ ISBN 978-601-7934-72-9 © Ԧ. ɋԝɥɬɚɧԑɚɡɢɧ ɚɬɵɧɞɚԑɵ Ԕɨɫɬɚɧɚɣ
ɦɟɦɥɟɤɟɬɬɿɤ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɿ, 2019
ȻɈɅȺɒȺԔ ɆԜԐȺɅȱɆɇȱԘ ɉԤɇȾȱɄ-ɄԤɋȱȻɂ ԔԜɁɕɊȿɌɌȱɅȱȽȱɇ ȺɊɌɌɕɊɍ ɆȺԔɋȺɌɕɇȾȺ ɎɂɁɂɄȺɅɕԔ ɏɂɆɂə ɄɍɊɋɕɇɕԘ «ɗɅȿɄɌɊɈɏɂɆɂə»
ɌȺɊȺɍɕɇ ɈԔɕɌɍ ԤȾȱɋɌȿɆȿɋȱ
Learning methods of the section of electrochemistry of the course of physical chemistry in order to increase the professional and subject competence of the future teacher.
Ⱦ.Ʉ. Ɇɟɧɞɚɥɢɟɜɚ1, Ⱥ.ɇ. Ʉɭɥɶɧɢɹɡɨɜɚ2 D.K. Mendalieva1, A.N. Kulniyazova2
12Ɇ.Ԧɬɟɦɿɫɨɜ ɚɬɵɧɞɚԑɵ ȻԔɆɍ, Ɉɪɚɥ, Ԕɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧ, [email protected]
Ⱥɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɹ
Ʉԥɫɿɛɢ ԝɲɬɚɫɬɵɪɭ ɧɟɝɿɡɿɧɞɟ ɛɨɥɚɲɚԕ ɯɢɦɢɹ ɩԥɧɿɧɿԙ ɦԝԑɚɥɿɦɞɟɪɿɧ ɨԕɵɬɭɞɵ ɠɚԙԑɵɪɬɭ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɫɿɧ ɲɟɲɭ ԛɲɿɧ ɨԕɭ ԥɪɟɤɟɬɿɧ ԝɣɵɦɞɚɫɬɵɪɭ ԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɫɿ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɥɞɵ. Ɏɢɡɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɯɢ- ɦɢɹ ɤɭɪɫɵɧɵԙ «ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɯɢɦɢɹ» ɬɚɪɚɭɵɧ ɨԕɵɬɭɞɚ ԕɨɥɞɚɧɵɥɚɬɵɧ ԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɥɿɤ ɠԛɣɟɧɿԙ ɠɟɬɟɤ- ɲɿ ɬԥɫɿɥɿ ɪɟɬɿɧɞɟ ɠԛɣɟɥɿɤ ԥɞɿɫ ԝɫɵɧɵɥɚɞɵ.
Abstract
In order to solve the problems of modernizing the training of future chemistry teachers, a methodology for organizing educational activities has been developed based on the consideration of the professional context. The leading approach to the development of a methodological system used in teaching the section «Electrochemistry» of the course in physical chemistry is a systematic approach.
Ʉɿɥɬ ɫΫɡɞɟɪ: ɮɢɡɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɯɢɦɢɹ, ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɯɢɦɢɹ, ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɡ, ɝɚɥɶɜɚɧɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ, ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɬɵԕ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ, ɠԛɣɟɥɿɤ ɬԥɫɿɥ, ԕԝɡɵɪɟɬɬɿɥɿɤ.
Key words: physical chemistry, electrochemistry, electrolysis, galvanic element, electrode potential, systems approach, competence.
ɀɚɥɩɵ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɛɟɪɭɞɿ ɠɚԙԑɵɪɬɭ ɬԝɠɵɪɵɦɞɚɦɚɫɵɧɵԙ ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɪɵɧ ɿɫɤɟ ɚɫɵɪɭ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɚɥɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɬɟɤ ɩԥɧɞɿɤ ԕԝɡɵɪɟɬɬɿɥɿɤɬɟɪɿɧ ԑɚɧɚ ɟɦɟɫ, ɫɨɧɵɦɟɧ ԕɚɬɚɪ ɠɟɤɟ-ԥɥɟɭɦɟɬɬɿɤ, ɠɚɥ- ɩɵɦԥɞɟɧɢ, ɩԥɧɞɿɤ-ɞԛɧɢɟɬɚɧɵɦɞɵԕ ԕԝɡɵɪɟɬɬɿɥɿɤɬɟɪɿɧ ԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɭԑɚ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɥԑɚɧ. Ȼɨɥɚɲɚԕ ɦԝԑɚɥɿɦɞɿ ɞɚɣɵɧɞɚɭ ɫɚɩɚɫɵɧ ɠɨԑɚɪɵɥɚɬɭ ɨɫɵ ɬɚɥɚɩɬɚɪԑɚ ɫɚɣ ɛɨɥɭ ԕɚɠɟɬ. Ɍɟɤ ԕɚɧɚ ɛɟɥɝɿɥɿ ɛɿɪ ɛɿɥɿɦɞɟɪ ɠɢɵɧɬɵԑɵɧ ԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɭԑɚ ԑɚɧɚ ɟɦɟɫ, ɫɨɧɵɦɟɧ ԕɚɬɚɪ ɨɥɚɪɞɵ ɛɚɫԕɚ ɞɚ ɩԥɧɞɟɪɞɿԙ ɦɿɧɞɟɬɬɟɪɿɧ, ɫɨɧɞɚɣ-ɚԕ ɛɨɥɚɲɚԕ ɤԥɫɿɛɢ ԕɵɡɦɟɬɬɿԙ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɿɧ ɲɟɲɭɝɟ ɛɚԑɵɬɬɚɥԑɚɧ, ɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿ ɨԕɭ ԥɪɟɤɟɬɿ ɠɚԑɞɚɣɵɧɞɚ ԧɡɿ ɞɟ ɨԕɢɬɵɧ ɦԝԑɚɥɿɦ ԑɚɧɚ ɚɥԑɚ ԕɨɣԑɚɧ ɦɚԕɫɚɬɬɚɪԑɚ ɠɟɬɟ ɚɥɚɞɵ [1].
Ɉɫɵɥɚɣɲɚ, ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɩԥɧɞɟɪɞɿ ɨԕɵɬɭ ԛɞɟɪɿɫɿɧɞɟ ɛɨɥɚɲɚԕ ɯɢɦɢɹ ɩԥɧɿɧɿԙ ɦԝԑɚɥɿɦɿɧɟ ɬԥɧ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɚɥɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɚ ɤԥɫɿɛɢ-ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚɥɵԕ ԕԝɡɵɪɟɬɬɿɥɿɤɬɿ ԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɭԑɚ ɬɢɿɦɞɿ ɠɚԑɞɚɣ ɬɭɞɵɪɭ – ɠɨԑɚɪɵ ɦɟɤɬɟɩɬɿԙ ԧɡɟɤɬɿ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɫɿ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ [2, 3].
Ȼɨɥɚɲɚԕ ɯɢɦɢɹ ɩԥɧɿɧɿԙ ɦԝԑɚɥɿɦɞɟɪɿɧ ɤԥɫɿɛɢ ɧɟɝɿɡɞɟ ɨԕɵɬɭɞɵ ɠɚԙԑɵɪɬɭ ɦԥɫɟɥɟɥɟɪɿɧ ɲɟɲɭ ԛɲɿɧ ɨԕɭ ԥɪɟɤɟɬɿɧ ԝɣɵɦɞɚɫɬɵɪɭ ԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɫɿɧ ɞɚɣɵɧɞɚɭ ԕɚɠɟɬ [1, 2]. ɀɚɥɩɵ-ԑɵɥɵɦɢ ɞɟԙɝɟɣɞɟ ɦɚɡɦԝɧɞɵ ɬɚԙɞɚɭԑɚ ɞɟɝɟɧ ɠɟɬɟɤɲɿ ɬԥɫɿɥ ɠԛɣɟɥɿɤ ɬԥɫɿɥ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ. Ɇɚɡɦԝɧɞɵ ɿɪɿɤɬɟɭɞɟ ɤɟɥɟɫɿ ԕɚԑɢɞɚɥɚɪ ɟɫɟɩɤɟ ɚɥɵɧɚɞɵ:
1) «Ɏɢɡɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɯɢɦɢɹ» ɿɪɝɟɥɿ ԑɵɥɵɦ ɛɨɥɵɩ ɬɚɛɵɥɚɞɵ, ɫɨɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ ɠԛɣɟɥɿɥɿɤɬɿԙ ɞɟԙ- ɝɟɣɿɧ ɠɨԑɚɪɵɥɚɬɭɞɵ ɿɪɝɟɥɟɧɞɿɪɭ ԕɚɠɟɬ.
2) Ȼɨɥɚɲɚԕ ɯɢɦɢɹ ɩԥɧɿɧɿԙ ɦԝԑɚɥɿɦɞɟɪɿɧ ɠɚɥɩɵ ɨɪɬɚ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɛɟɪɟɬɿɧ ɦɟɤɬɟɩɬɟɪ ɛɚԑɞɚɪɥɚ- ɦɚɫɵɧɚ ɫɚɣ, ɨԕɭ ԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɫɿɧ ԛɣɪɟɬɭɞɿ ԕɚɠɟɬ ɟɬɟɞɿ.
ɀԛɣɟɥɿɤ ԥɞɿɫɤɟ ɧɟɝɿɡɞɟɥɿɩ, ɨԕɵɬɭɞɵԙ ɞɢɞɚɤɬɢɤɚɫɵɧ ɠɚԙԑɵɪɬɭԑɚ ɫԥɣɤɟɫ «Ɏɢɡɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɯɢɦɢɹ» ɩԥɧ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɛɟɪɭɞɿ ɞɚɦɵɬɭ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɹɫɵ ɧɟɝɿɡɿɧɞɟ ɠԛɡɟɝɟ ɚɫɵɪɵɥɭɵ ɬɢɿɫ. Ɉɥ ԧɡɝɟɪɿɫɬɟɪ- ɞɿ ɟɧɝɿɡɭ ԕɚɠɟɬɬɿɥɿɝɿɧ ɦɚԕɫɚɬ ɟɬɟɬɿɧ, ɞɢɞɚɤɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɠԛɣɟɧɿԙ ɛɚɪɥɵԕ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɬɟɪɿɧ ɬɚɥɞɚɭɞɵ ԕɚɦɬɢɞɵ: ɦɚԕɫɚɬɵɧ, ɦɚɡɦԝɧɵɧ, ԥɞɿɫɬɟɪɿɧ, ԝɣɵɦɞɚɫɬɵɪɭ ɮɨɪɦɚɥɚɪɵɧ, ɨԕɵɬɭ ԕԝɪɚɥɞɚɪɵɧ.
Ɉԕɵɬɭɞɵԙ ԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɥɿɤ ɠԛɣɟɫɿ ɛɿɪԕɚɬɚɪ ɞɢɞɚɤɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ԕɚԑɢɞɚɥɚɪԑɚ ɧɟɝɿɡɞɟɥɟɞɿ, ɨɧɵԙ ɛɚɫɬɵɫɵ ɠԛɣɟɥɿɥɿɤ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɿ, ɹԑɧɢ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɛɟɪɭ ɠԥɧɟ ɨԕɵɬɭ ɠԛɣɟɥɿ ɛɨɥɭɵ ɤɟɪɟɤ [2, 4].
«Ɏɢɡɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɯɢɦɢɹ» ɩԥɧɿɧ ɨԕɵɬɭɞɚ ԕɨɥɞɚɧɵɥɚɬɵɧ ԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɥɿɤ ɠԛɣɟɧɿ «ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɯɢɦɢɹ»
ɬɚɪɚɭɵ ɦɵɫɚɥɵɧɞɚ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɭԑɚ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ. Ɉԕɭ ɠɨɫɩɚɪɵɧɞɚ «ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɯɢɦɢɹ» ɬɚɪɚɭɵɧɚ 8 ɫɚԑɚɬ ɠɨɫɩɚɪɥɚɧɚɞɵ. Ȼԝɥ ɬɚɪɚɭ ɤɟɥɟɫɿ ɬɟɨɪɢɹɥɵԕ ɫԝɪɚԕɬɚɪɞɵ ԕɚɦɬɢɞɵ. Ȼԝɥ ɫԝɪɚԕɬɚɪɞɵ ɛɟɫ ɬɚԕɵ- ɪɵɩԕɚ ɛԧɥɭɝɟ ɛɨɥɚɞɵ:
I. ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɯɢɦɢɹ ɩԥɧɿ. ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɬ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪɿ. ɇɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɬԛɫɿɧɿɤɬɟɪ (ɚɤɬɢɜɬɿɤ, ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɧɿԙ ɢɨɧɞɵԕ ɤԛɲɿ, Ⱦɟɛɚɣ-ɏɸɤɤɟɥɶ ɬɟɨɪɢɹɫɵ ɬ.ɛ.).
II. Ɍɟɩɟ-ɬɟԙɞɿɤ ɟɦɟɫ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɬɵԕ ԛɞɟɪɿɫɬɟɪ. ɇɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɬԛɫɿɧɿɤɬɟɪ (I, II-ɬɟɤɬɿ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨԧɬɤɿɡ- ɝɿɲɬɟɪ). ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɞ. ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɡ. Ʉɚɬɨɞ, ɚɧɨɞ. Ɏɚɪɚɞɟɣ ɡɚԙɞɚɪɵ. ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɷɤɜɢɜɚ- ɥɟɧɬ. Ԧɧɿɦ ɲɵԑɵɦɞɚɪɵ. Ԕɨɡԑɚɥԑɵɲɬɵԕ ɠԥɧɟ ɢɨɧ ɬɚɫɵɦɚɥɞɚɭ ɫɚɧɵ. ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɬɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɷɥɟɤɬɪԧɬɤɿɡɝɿɲɬɿɝɿ.
III.Ɍɟɩɟ-ɬɟԙɞɿɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɬɵԕ ԛɞɟɪɿɫɬɟɪ. ɇɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɬԛɫɿɧɿɤɬɟɪ (ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ, ԕɨɫ ɷɥɟɤɬɪ ԕɚɛɚɬ, ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɞɵԙ ɚɭɵɬԕɭɵ, ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɬɵԕ ԛɞɟɪɿɫɬɟɪ). ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɬɵԕ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ.
ɇɟɪɧɫɬ ɬɟԙɞɿɝɿ. Ɍɟɩɟ-ɬɟԙɞɿɤ, ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɬɵ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ. ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɬɚɪɞɵ ɠɿɤɬɟɭ (I ɬɟɤɬɿ, II ɬɟɤɬɿ), ɫɚɥɵɫɬɵɪɦɚɥɵ, ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɥɵԕ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɬɚɪ.
IV. ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɬɿɡɛɟɤɬɟɪ. ɏɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɬɿɡɛɟɤɬɟɪ. Ʉɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹɥɵԕ ɬɿɡɛɟɤɬɟɪ (ɢɨɧɬɚɫɵɦɚɥɞɚɧɚɬɵɧ ɠԥɧɟ ɢɨɧɬɚɫɵɦɚɥɞɚɧɛɚɣɬɵɧ). Ⱦɢɮɮɭɡɢɹɥɵԕ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ. Ƚɚɥɶɜɚɧɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɪ. ɗɥɟɤɬɪ ԕɨɡԑɚɭɲɵ ɤԛɲɿɧ ԧɥɲɟɭɞɿ ɬԛɪɥɿ ɮɢɡɢɤɚ-ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɲɚɦɚɥɚɪɞɵ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɭɞɚ ԕɨɥɞɚɧɭ. Ƚɚɥɶɜɚɧɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɬɟɪɦɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɚɫɵ.
V. ɉɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɞɵ ԧɥɲɟɭ. ɉɨɬɟɧɰɢɨɦɟɬɪɢɹ ɬɭɪɚɥɵ ɬԛɫɿɧɿɤ, ԕɨɥɞɚɧɵɥɭɵ. ɒɵɧɵ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɬɚɪ.
Ɉɫɵ ɬɚԕɵɪɵɩɬɚɪɞɵԙ ԥɪԕɚɣɫɵɫɵ ԥɪɬԛɪɥɿ ɠɚԑɞɚɣɥɚɪɞɚ ɠԛɪɟɬɿɧ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ԛɞɟɪɿɫ- ɬɟɪɞɿ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɚɞɵ.
ɀԛɣɟɥɿɥɿɤ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɿ [1, 2] ɫɚԕɬɚɥɚ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ, ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɥԑɚɧ ԛɞɟɪɿɫɤɟ ɫԥɣɤɟɫ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨ- ɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ɬԛɫɿɧɿɤɬɟɪ ɛɟɪɿɥɟɞɿ. Ʉɟɣɿɧ ɛԝɥ ԝԑɵɦɞɚɪ ԕԝɛɵɥɵɫɬɚɪ ɦɟɧ ԛɞɟɪɿɫɬɟɪɞɿ ɚɲɭ ԛɲɿɧ ԕɨɥ- ɞɚɧɵɥɚɞɵ. Ɉɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɚɪɚɫɵɧɞɚ ԧɡɚɪɚ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫ ɨɪɧɚɬɵɥɚɞɵ, ɬɟԙɞɿɤɬɟɪ ɛɟɪɿɥɿɩ ɮɢɡɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɦɚԑɵɧɚɫɵ ɚɲɵɥɚɞɵ.
ɀԛɣɟɥɿɤ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɿ ɛɿɪɿɡɞɿɥɿɤ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɿɦɟɧ ԧɡɚɪɚ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵ [2]. Ⱥɥɞɵɦɟɧ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɚɥɭ- ɲɵԑɚ ɛɟɣɨɪɝɚɧɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɯɢɦɢɹ ɤɭɪɫɵɧɚɧ ɬɚɧɵɫ ɬɟɩɟ-ɬɟԙɞɿɤ ɟɦɟɫ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɯɢɦɢɹɥɵԕ ԛɞɟɪɿɫɬɟɪ- ɦɟɧ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵ ɬԛɫɿɧɿɤɬɟɪ ɟɧɝɿɡɿɥɟɞɿ. Ɇɵɫɚɥɵ, ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞ, ɤɚɬɨɞ, ɚɧɨɞ, ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɡ. Ԥɪɿ ԕɚɪɚɣ ɠԛɣɟɥɿ ɬԛɪɞɟ ɨԕɭ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɬɟɩɟ-ɬɟԙɞɿɤ ɤԛɣɞɟɝɿ ԛɞɟɪɿɫɬɟɪ ɬɭɪɚɥɵ ɠɚԙɚ ɚԕɩɚɪɚɬɬɚɪɦɟɧ ɬɨɥɵԕɬɵɪɵɥɚɞɵ. Ȼɿɥɿɦ ɚɥɭɲɵɥɚɪ ԛɲɿɧ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ԕɨɥɠɟɬɿɦɞɿ ɛɨɥɭ ԛɲɿɧ, ɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɠɟɤɟ ɟɪɟɤ- ɲɟɥɿɤɬɟɪɿ ɟɫɤɟɪɿɥɟɞɿ. Ȼɿɥɿɦ ɚɥɭɲɵ ɤɟɣɛɿɪ ɬԛɫɿɧɿɤɬɟɪ ɦɟɧ ԛɞɟɪɿɫɬɟɪɦɟɧ ɛɟɣɨɪɝɚɧɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɯɢɦɢɹ ɤɭɪɫɵɧɚɧ ɬɚɧɵɫ ɛɨɥԑɚɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ, ɞԥɪɿɫ ɨԕɭ ɤɟɡɿɧɞɟ ɨԕɵɬɭ ԛɞɟɪɿɫɿ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞ ɞɟɝɟɧɿɦɿɡ ɧɟ? Ʉɚɬɨɞ ɩɟɧ ɚɧɨɞɬɚ ɠԛɪɟɬɿɧ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɬɟɪ? ɫɟɤɿɥɞɿ ɫԝɪɚԕɬɚɪɦɟɧ ɠɟԙɿɥ ԝɲɬɚɫɬɵɪɵɥɚɞɵ. Ⱦԥɪɿɫ ɨԕɭ ɤɟɡɿɧɞɟ ɧɟɝɿɡɝɿ ɬԛɫɿɧɿɤɬɟɪ ɛɟɪɿɥɿɩ, ɠɚԙɚ ԝԑɵɦɞɚɪ ɬɨɥɵԕ ԕɚɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɥɚɞɵ. Ȼɿɥɿɦ ɚɥɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɬɚԕɵ- ɪɵɩɬɚɪɞɵ ԧɡɿɧɞɿɤ ɬɟɪɟԙɞɟɬɿɩ ɦɚԕɫɚɬɵɧɞɚ ԕɨɫɵɦɲɚ ɨԕɭ ԕԝɪɚɥɵ ԕԝɪɚɫɬɵɪɵɥɚɞɵ.
Ɇɟɤɬɟɩ ɤɭɪɫɵɧɞɚ «ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɡ», «Ƚɚɥɶɜɚɧɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɟɪ», «Ƚɚɥɶɜɚɧɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɷɥɟ- ɦɟɧɬɬɟɪɞɿԙ ɗԔɄ ԧɥɲɟɭ ɬɚԕɵɪɵɩɬɚɪɵ, ԥɪ ɬԛɪɥɿ ɞɟԙɝɟɣɞɟɝɿ ɨɥɢɦɩɢɚɞɚ ɟɫɟɩɬɟɪɿ ɤɟɡɞɟɫɟɬɿɧ ɛɨɥ- ԑɚɧɞɵԕɬɚɧ, ɤԥɫɿɛɢɥɟɧɞɿɪɭ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɿɧ ԝɫɬɚɧɵɦԑɚ ɚɥɚ ɨɬɵɪɵɩ, ɬԧɦɟɧɞɟɝɿ ɟɫɟɩɬɟɪ ɦɟɧ ɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɲɟɲɭ ԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɿ ԝɫɵɧɵɥɚɞɵ.
Ɇɵɫɚɥ 1.Ɇɵɧɚ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɬɿԙ
Zn | ZnCl2 || Ca | Cl2 | Cd
ɗɥɟɦɟɧɬɿɧɿԙ C(Zn2+)=0,005 ɦɨɥɶ/ɥ, C(Cd2+)=0,02 ɦɨɥɶ/ɥ ɬɟԙ ɛɨɥԑɚɧɞɚ ɗԔɄ ɟɫɟɩɬɟԙɿɡ.
E0Zn2+
/Zn= - 0,763 B; E0Cd2+
/Cd= - 0,402 B
Ɇɵɫɚɥ 2. (-) Zn | ZnSO4 (aq) || ZnSO4 aq | Zn (+)
C2=0,005 ɦɨɥɶ/ɥ C1=x ɦɨɥɶ/ɥ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɿɧɿԙ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ 298 Ʉ ɗԔɄ 0,025 ȼ. ȿɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɞɟ ɦɵɪɵɲ ɢɨɧɞɚɪɵɧɵԙ ɚɤɬɢɜɬɿɤ ɤɨɷɮ- ɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɬɟɪɿ 0,48 ɠԥɧɟ 0,2 ɬɟԙ. Ɇɵɪɵɲ ɫɭɥɶɮɚɬɵɧɵԙ ɛɟɥɝɿɫɿɡ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹɫɵɧ ɟɫɟɩɬɟԙɿɡ.
Ɇɵɫɚɥ 3. Ʉԛɤɿɪɬ ԕɵɲԕɵɥɵ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ 25ºɋ ɠԥɧɟ ԕɵɫɵɦ 95000 ɉɚ 10 ɦɢɧ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɡɞɟɧɝɟɧɞɟ 120 ɫɦ3 ɫɭɬɟɤ ɛԧɥɿɧɝɟɧ. Ɍɨɤ ɤԛɲɿɧ ɟɫɟɩɬɟԙɿɡ.
Ɇɵɫɚɥ 4. ɇɚɬɪɢɣ ɩɟɪɯɥɨɪɚɬɵ ɚɧɨɞɬɚ ɦɵɧɚ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɧԥɬɢɠɟɫɿɧɞɟ ɬԛɡɿɥɟɞɿ:
NaClO3 +H2O=NaClO4 +2H+ +2e
Ɋɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɧԥɬɢɠɟɫɿɧɞɟ 2,4 ɝ ɬԛɡɿɥɝɟɧ. Ʉɭɥɨɧɨɦɟɬɪɞɟ 5,4 ɝ ɤԛɦɿɫ ɛԧɥɿɧɝɟɧ. ɉɟɪɯɥɨɪɚɬɬɵԙ ɲɵԑɵɦɵɧ ɟɫɟɩɬɟԙɿɡ.
Ȼɿɥɿɦ ɚɥɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɚɥԑɚɧ ɛɿɥɿɦɞɟɪɿɧ ɞɚɦɵɬɭ ɠԥɧɟ ɠɚɬɬɵԑɭɥɚɪɞɵ ɨɪɵɧɞɚɭ ɛɿɥɿɤɬɿɥɿɤ- ɬɟɪɿ ɦɟɧ ɞɚԑɞɵɥɚɪɵɧ ԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɭ ԛɲɿɧ ԥɪ ɬɚԕɵɪɵɩԕɚ ɫԥɣɤɟɫ ɟɫɟɩɬɟɪ ԝɫɵɧɵɥɚɞɵ.
Ȼɿɥɿɦ ɚɥɭɲɵɧɵԙ ԧɡɿɧ-ԧɡɿ ɛɟɥɫɟɧɞɿ ɠɟɬɿɥɞɿɪɭɿ ԛɲɿɧ ɨɫɵ ɬɚԕɵɪɵɩԕɚ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵ ɡɟɪɬɯɚ- ɧɚɥɵԕ ɠԝɦɵɫɬɚɪ ԝɫɵɧɵɥɚɞɵ. Ɇɵɫɚɥɵ:
Ɂɟɪɬɯɚɧɚɥɵԕ ɠԝɦɵɫ ʋ1. Ɍɨɬɵԑɭ-ɬɨɬɵԕɫɵɡɞɚɧɭ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɬɵԙ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɬɵԕ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɵɧ ԧɥɲɟɭ.
Ɂɟɪɬɯɚɧɚɥɵԕ ɠԝɦɵɫ ʋ2. ɒɵɧɵ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɵɦɟɧ ɬԛɪɥɿ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɥɟɪ ɪɇ-ɵɧ ԧɥɲɟɭ.
Ɂɟɪɬɯɚɧɚɥɵԕ ɠԝɦɵɫ ʋ3. HCl ɤԛɲɬɿ ԕɵɲԕɵɥ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɧ ɤԛɲɬɿ ɧɟɝɿɡ ɟɪɿɬɿɧɞɿɫɿɦɟɧ ɬɢɬɪɥɟɭ.
Ʉԥɫɿɛɢ ɠԥɧɟ ɠԛɣɟɥɿɤ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɬɟɪɝɟ ɧɟɝɿɡɞɟɥɿɩ, ɛɿɥɿɦ ɚɥɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɵ ԝɲɬɚɫɬɵɪɵɩ ɨԕɵɬɭ ԛɞɟɪɿɫɿɧ ԝɣɵɦɞɚɫɬɵɪɭ, ɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɨԕɭ ԥɪɟɤɟɬɿɧ ɵɧɬɚɥɚɧɞɵɪɵɩ, ɛɨɥɚɲɚԕ ɦԝԑɚɥɿɦɞɟɪɞɿԙ ԧɡɚɪɚ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵ ɚɪɧɚɣɵ-ɩԥɧɞɿɤ ɠԥɧɟ ɩԥɧɞɿɤ-ԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɥɿɤ ԕԝɡɵɪɟɬɬɿɥɿɤɬɟɪɿɧ ԕɚɥɵɩɬɚɫɬɵɪɭԑɚ ɦԛɦ- ɤɿɧɞɿɤ ɛɟɪɟɞɿ.
ԤȾȿȻɂȿɌɌȿɊ ɌȱɁȱȱɆȱ:
1. Ȼɟɫɩɚɥɶɤɨ ȼ.ɉ. ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɵɟ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ. Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ, 1995. – 412 ɫ.
2. ɉɚɤ Ɇ.ɋ. Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɯɢɦɢɢ: ɭɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɜɭɡɨɜ. – ɋɉɛ: ɂɡɞ-ɜɨ ɊȽɉɍ ɢɦ. Ⱥ.
ɂ. Ƚɟɪɰɟɧɚ, 2015. – 306 ɫ.
3. Ȼɨɪɢɫɟɜɢɱ ɂ.ɋ. Ʉɨɧɰɟɩɬɭɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɝɨ ɭɱɢɬɟɥɹ ɜ ɩɪɨ- ɰɟɫɫɟ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɤɨɥɥɨɢɞɧɨɣ ɯɢɦɢɢ // ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɧɚɭɤɚ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ. – 2018. – ʋ1. – ɋ. 36-48.
4. Ɂɚɣɰɟɜ Ɉ.ɋ. Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɯɢɦɢɢ. Ɍɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɢɤɥɚɞɧɨɣ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ. Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ:
ȼɥɚɞɨɫ, 1999. – 384 ɫ.
ȺɇȺɅɂɌɂɄȺɅɕԔ ɏɂɆɂə ɉԤɇȱɇȾȿ ȿɋȿɉɌȿɊ ɒɕԐȺɊɍȾɕԘ ȾɂȾȺɄɌɂɄȺɅɕԔ ɎɍɇɄɐɂəɅȺɊɕ Ɇȿɇ ɆȺԘɕɁɕ
Didactic functions of solving computational tasks in analytical chemistry and their role Ⱦ.Ʉ. Ɇɟɧɞɚɥɢɟɜɚ1, Ɋ.Ԕ. Ԕɨɧɵɫɩɚɣ2
D.K. Mendalieva1, R.K. Konyspay2
12Ɇ.Ԧɬɟɦɿɫɨɜ ɚɬɵɧɞɚԑɵ Ȼɚɬɵɫ Ԕɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧ ɦɟɦɥɟɤɟɬɬɿɤ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɿ, Ɉɪɚɥ, Ԕɚɡɚԕɫɬɚɧ, [email protected]
Ⱥɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɹ
Ɇɚԕɚɥɚɞɚ ɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɯɢɦɢɹ ɩԥɧɿɧ ɨԕɵɬɭɞɚԑɵ ɟɫɟɩɬɟɪ ɲɵԑɚɪɭɞɵԙ ɞɢɞɚɤɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɵ ɠԥɧɟ ɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɿɥɿɦ ɚɥɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɩԥɧɞɿɤ, ɤԥɫɿɛɢ ԕԝɡɵɪɟɬɬɿɥɿɤɬɿ ɚɪɬɬɵɪɭɞɚԑɵ ɪԧɥɿ ɚɧɵԕɬɚɥɞɵ. Ԕɢɵɧɞɵԑɵ, ɤԛɪɞɟɥɿɥɿɝɿ ɛɨɣɵɧɲɚ ԥɪ ɬɢɩɬɟɝɿ ɟɫɟɩɬɟɪɞɿԙ ԕԝɪɵɥɵɦɵ ɠԥɧɟ ɨɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɨԕɭ ԛɞɟɪɿɫɿɧɞɟ ɚɬԕɚɪɚɬɵɧ ɞɢɞɚɤɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɵ ɤԧɪɫɟɬɿɥɞɿ.
Abstract
The article defines the didactic functions of solving computational tasks in the teaching of analytical chemistry and their role in improving the subject and professional competence. The structure of tasks of different complexity, difficulties and didactic functions performed by them in the educational process is shown.
Ʉɿɥɬ ɫΫɡɞɟɪ: ɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɯɢɦɢɹ, ɪɇ, ɪɈɇ, ɠԛɣɟɥɿɤ ɨԕɵɬɭ, ɞɢɞɚɤɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɥɚɪ, ԕԝɡɵɪɟɬɬɿɥɿɤ, ɟɫɟɩɬɟɪ.
Key words: analytical chemistry, ɪɇ, ɪɈɇ, systems approach, didactic functions, compe- tence, tasks.
ɒɟɜɱɟɧɤɨ Ʌ.ə., ɇɚɡɚɪɨɜɚ ɋ.ȼ. ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ... 166 ɒɨɥɩɚɧɛɚɟɜɚ Ƚ.Ⱥ., ɋɜɹɬɨɤɭɦ ɋ. ɂɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɹɥɵԕ ԥɞɿɫ-ɬԥɫɿɥɞɟɪɞɿ ԕɨɥɞɚɧɭ ɠԛɣɟɫɿ ... 171 ɒɨɥɩɚɧɛɚɟɜɚ Ƚ.Ⱥ., Ɏɟɤɥɸɧɢɧɚ Ⱥ. Ȼɿɥɿɦ ɛɟɪɭɞɟɝɿ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɹɥɵԕ ԛɞɟɪɿɫɬɟɪ ... 173 ɀɭɦɚɝɚɥɢɟɜɚ Ȼ.Ɇ., ɀɢɟɧɛɚɟɜ Ɍ.Ⱥ. Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɭɪɚ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɧɨɣ ɨɥɢɦɩɢɚɞɵ ɩɨ ɯɢɦɢɢ ... 177
2 ɋȿɄɐɂə
ɄȺȾɊɅȺɊȾɕ ȾȺəɊɅȺɍȾɕԘ ԐɕɅɕɆɂ ԤɅȿɍȿɌȱɇ ȺɊɌɌɕɊɍ ɊȺɁȼɂɌɂȿ ɇȺɍɑɇɈȽɈ ɉɈɌȿɇɐɂȺɅȺ ɉɈȾȽɈɌɈȼɄɂ ɄȺȾɊɈȼ DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC POTENTIAL OF PERSONNEL TRAINING Ⱥɯɚɧɨɜɚ Ⱥ.Ɇ. ɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ IT-ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠɚ ɤɚɤ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɤɨɥɥɟɞɠɚ ... 182 Ȼɟɤɦɚɝɚɧɛɟɬɨɜɚ Ɇ.Ɍ. Ʉɨɥɥɟɞɠ ɬԛɥɟɤɬɟɪɿɧ ɠԝɦɵɫԕɚ ɨɪɧɚɥɚɫɬɵɪɭԑɚ ɤԧɦɟɤ ... 187 Ȼɢɫɟɦɛɚɟɜɚ ɀ.Ʉ., Ɉɫɩɚɧɚɥɢɟɜɚ ɍ.Ɉ. Ȼɚɫɬɚɭɵɲ ɫɵɧɵɩ ɨԕɭɲɵɥɚɪɞɵԙ ɛɚɣɥɚɧɵɫɬɵɪɵɩ ɫԧɣɥɟɭɥɟɪɿɧ ɦɚɡɦԝɧɞɚɦɚ ɠɚɡɞɵɪɭ ɛɚɪɵɫɵɧɞɚ ɞɚɦɵɬɭ ԥɞɿɫɬɟɪɿ ... 190 Ȼɪɚɝɢɧɚ Ɍ.Ɇ., Ȼɪɚɝɢɧ ȿ.Ⱥ. ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɮɚɭɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɨɱɧɵɯ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ Ʉɨɫɬɚɧɚɣɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɟ ɫɬɨɥɟɬɢɟ... 193 Ȼɪɚɝɢɧɚ Ɍ.Ɇ., Ȼɪɚɝɢɧ ȿ.Ⱥ., Ɋɭɥɺɜɚ Ɇ.Ɇ., Ȼɨɛɪɟɧɤɨ Ɇ.Ⱥ. ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɤɥɢɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ɩɨɱɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɛɟɫɩɨɡɜɨɧɨɱɧɵɯ (ɦɟɡɨɮɚɭɧɚ) ɰɟɥɢɧɧɵɯ ɫɬɟɩɟɣ Ʉɨɫɬɚɧɚɣɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ... 198 Ȼɪɚɝɢɧɚ Ɍ.Ɇ., ɋɢɦɨɧɨɜɚ Ɋ.Ⱥ. Ɋɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɟ ɝɢɫɬɟɪɢɞ (coleoptera: histeridae) ɪɨɞɚ saprinus Ʉɨɫɬɚɧɚɣɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ... 202 ȼɚɥɹɟɜɚ ȿ.Ⱥ., Ʉɭɛɟɟɜ Ɇ.ɋ., Ʉɭɪɥɨɜ ɋ.ɂ. Ȼɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɟ ɢɯɬɢɨɮɚɭɧɵ ɜɨɞɨɟɦɨɜ ɋɚɪɵɤɨɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ Ʉɨɫɬɚɧɚɣɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ... 206 ȼɚɠɟɜ ȼ.ȼ., ȼɚɠɟɜɚ ɇ.ȼ., Ƚɭɛɟɧɤɨ Ɇ.Ⱥ., ȿɪɝɚɥɢɟɜɚ ɗ.Ɇ. Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɵɟ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɤɚɤ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɰɢɢ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ ɢ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ... 210 ɀɭɦɚɛɚɟɜ Ʉ.Ⱥ., ɀɭɦɚɛɚɟɜɚ Ɇ.Ȼ., ɀɢɟɧɛɚɟɜɚ Ⱥ.Ⱥ. ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɭɡɚ (ɧɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ Ʉɨɫɬɚɧɚɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ) ... 215 Ʉɚɥɢɧɢɱɟɧɤɨ Ɉ.ȼ. ɂɧɬɟɝɪɚɰɢɹ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɨ-ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ-ɩɟɪɜɨɤɭɪɫɧɢɤɨɜ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɤɪɭɠɤɚ ... 220 Ʉɟɧɠɢɬɚɟɜɚ ɀ.Ʌ. Ȼɨɥɚɲɚԕ ɦɚɦɚɧɞɚɪԑɚ ԑɵɥɵɦɢ ɬɿɥɞɿ ɞɚɦɵɬɭ ... 223 Ɇɟɧɞɚɥɢɟɜɚ Ⱦ.Ʉ., Ʉɭɥɶɧɢɹɡɨɜɚ Ⱥ.ɇ. Ȼɨɥɚɲɚԕ ɦԝԑɚɥɿɦɧɿԙ ɩԥɧɞɿɤ-ɤԥɫɿɛɢ ԕԝɡɵɪɟɬɬɿɥɿɝɿɧ ɚɪɬɬɵɪɭ ɦɚԕɫɚɬɵɧɞɚ ɮɢɡɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɯɢɦɢɹ ɤɭɪɫɵɧɵԙ «ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɯɢɦɢɹ» ɬɚɪɚɭɵɧ ɨԕɵɬɭ ԥɞɿɫɬɟɦɟɫɿ ... 226 Ɇɟɧɞɚɥɢɟɜɚ Ⱦ.Ʉ., Θɨɧɵɫɩɚɣ Ɋ.Θ. Ⱥɧɚɥɢɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɯɢɦɢɹ ɩԥɧɿɧɞɟ ɟɫɟɩɬɟɪ ɲɵԑɚɪɭɞɵԙ ɞɢɞɚɤɬɢɤɚɥɵԕ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɥɚɪɵ ɦɟɧ ɦɚԙɵɡɵ ... 228 ɉɟɬɪɭɲɤɚ Ⱥ.ɘ., ɋɦɚɝɥɢɣ Ɍ.ɂ. Ɍɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɤ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɢ ... 232 ɋɢɥɟɧɤɨ ȿ.Ⱥ., ɋɦɚɝɥɢɣ Ɍ.ɂ. ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɯ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɹɡɵɤɭ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɤɨɝɧɢɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɬɢɥɟɣ ... 236 ɑɚɲɤɨɜ ȼ.ɇ., ɑɚɩɚɤɫɢɧ ɂ.ȼ., ɀɚɧɚɥɢɧɨɜɚ ɋ.Ⱥ., Ɇɚɯɦɭɬɨɜɚ Ƚ.ȿ. Ɏɢɡɢɤɨ-ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɜɨɞ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ Ʉɨɫɬɚɧɚɣ ɧɚ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɬɹɠɟɥɵɯ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɨɜ ... 239 ɀɭɦɚɝɚɥɢɟɜɚ Ȼ.Ɇ., ɑɚɲɤɨɜ ȼ.ɇ., ɑɚɩɚɤɫɢɧ ɂ.ȼ. ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɫɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɜɨɞɚɯ ... 243
