Из-за совместного использования экономики люди теперь арендуют напрямую у других. Одноранговые сети изменили индустрию гостеприимства, поскольку оказали большее давление на гостиницы и пансионы. Такие компании, как Airbnb, меняют подходы к обслуживанию путешественников в индустрии гостеприимства[3].
Подводя итог хотелось бы отметить, что у использования новых технологий в гостиничной индустрии, как и у монеты, есть две стороны. С одной стороны, инновации и новые технологии в большинстве случаев действительно облегчают работу гостиничных предприятий, решая проблему коммуникации и связи между службами и департаментами отеля. Модернизация гостиниц способствует повышению интереса у туристов, тем самым увеличивая спрос на услуги предприятия. А также она делает отдых туриста более привлекательным и комфортабельным.
А с другой стороны, человечеству давно известно о негативном воздействии радиоволн исходящих от используемых нами гаджетов. Тем самым каждый день увеличивается риск появления у людей различных заболеваний. Люди приезжают в отели с одной неизменной целью – отдохнуть и восстановить свои силы, однако под впечатлением от удивительных устройств и роботов, наводняющих отель, люди забывают тот факт, что всё это те же самые электронные устройства, от которых они так стремились отдохнуть.
Литература:
1. Egger R., Gula I., Walcher D. Open Tourism. – Berlin.: Springer, 2016. – 3p.
2. https://innovationmanagement.se/2019/01/24/5-innovations-that-are-reshaping-the- hospitality-industry/
3. https://www.soegjobs.com/top-10-innovation-hospitality-industry/
DEVELOPMENT OF MARALDY LAKE AS A TOURIST ZONE AND ECONOMIC PROJECT
Ахметжанова А.А.
Евразийский Национальный Университет имени Л.Н. Гумилева г. Нур-Султан [email protected]
Abstract: The relevance of this topic lies in its combining in itself a tourist place with therapeutic procedures. As we know, many of us often try to rest in hot countries only because of the sea or the ocean. Since in Kazakhstan we do not have either, we decided to open such a unique place that could replace this factor.
Key words: Maraldy lake, tourism, competitive advantages and disadvantages, swot analysis, recreation, silt mud and salt brine
Today, many developed countries are developing tourism in various fields, in different ways.
Not only at the level of financing, but also in the minds and hearts of the people. Based on these types of assessments, Kazakhstan is also developing its tourism industry. And for this we have enough tourist places in which it is possible to develop a different kind of tourism. The one of them is Maraldy lake, which is located in the Pavlodar region in the Shcherbakty district. This lake is salty and curative for the human body. The lake contains highly mineralized silt mud and salt brine, which gives a powerful healing effect for diseases of the musculoskeletal system, peripheral nervous system, urological diseases and many other related diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, respiratory diseases,
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diabetes mild, moderate severity, skin diseases and many others. But, this place can be turned into a sanatorium-tourist place, that is, there will be different kinds of entertainment for different ages of people and medical procedures. The development of tourism in this region will help reduce unemployment in our country, improve the economy of the country, we can also raise the social position of the population and make every effort to develop the tourism sector of our country.
The project is very useful for the country and the Pavlodar region, and it can attract new investors from foreign countries, like Russia. As we know, Pavlodar region borders on this country therefore, we can focus not only on visiting our residents, but also on the inhabitants of Russia. Sanatorium and tourist place will be very affordable and comfortable for recreation with family, friends or just for one person. The necessity of that kind of places can be a reason for governmental support.
Maraldy is very rich in deposits of blue and black mud, which, according to experts, can get rid of various ailments, including joint diseases. In addition, the local mud is believed to have a cosmetic and rejuvenating effect. Therefore, ladies smear them, not stingy. Strong sex also does not lag behind, only everyone has their own goals. And then in this form they photograph each other for memory[1].
The area around Lake Maraldy could become a resort-sanatorium zone of international level.
And, the main idea is to find a right way to implement Maraldy Lake into resort-sanatorium place with a different opportunities and conditions.
In order to achieve the set goals and answer research questions we must create a plan for its development and set certain tasks:
1. First, we need to explore the tourist area and the coast of the Lake itself. Draw a plan of the earth, in which dangerous and safe places will be clearly expressed for the construction of the hotel and the location of people in the area. And, we should investigate Lake Maraldy itself, which creatures can be in it and how safe they are.
2. Describe the problems that can arise in the construction of a tourist place and what is at this time a problem for its development after construction. And what measures can be taken to eliminate these problems.
3. Identify which government programs can provide assistance for business projects.
Moreover, find out ways to attract investors to our project. Find out what product and what quality they are interested in.
4. Identify our competitors, their product, their strengths, weaknesses, and the number of tourists they visit. These data can help us in choosing a certain direction in the sphere of sanatorium and tourism.
5. In addition, learn about new technologies in the medical field that we could use in a sanatorium. How they are useful, popular and attract people.
6. As well as, consider the opportunities for work all year round. And find out all the necessary things for this.
The rise of the Maraldy Lake problem is made not only at the national level, but also at the international level, to bring greater benefits to human health and, moreover, to increase its tourism value. Therefore, nowadays, the main task of this project is to provide a high level of coastal Lake Maraldy. In our opinion, the conversion of such a sacred region into a tourist center will bring our own tourism sphere to the highest peak.
With the basic tendency, sanatorium-touristic places are accessible prices for treatment and rest for health resorts and health services. Which is a really good factor to attract people. In addition, at the end of the season, sanatorium-resort services have been focusing on trends in shorter times, compared with standard, seasonal sanatorium-resort treatments. It was well worth it, to be honest, to take care of the lepers, and to increase the weight of the service. It is a good motivation to realize our project [2].
To implement this project, first of all, it is necessary to check the lake, to make sure that the area is suitable for tourism, and to project all the new ideas arising out of the project and consult with experts in the field of tourism.
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If the tourism industry and the head of state support it, then we can get funding from the state and fulfill our plan. If this kind of tourism landscapes help, considering the current situation, the project has a great future. And in the future, we can create new competing companies, which will further improve the situation of domestic tourism. That is why, we should to be more competitive.
Competitive advantages:
Оne of the main advantages of this touristic place is salty water. Since there is no sea in Kazakhstan, a salty lake is a good alternative to the sea, and what is more, it is much cheaper than traveling abroad. Also, good advantage is that it is an innovative recreation method, which includes treatment and relaxation, in addition, everything is arranged at the highest, international level. Very interesting entertainment program for adults and children, a unique salt mine, treatment procedures.
Disadvantages:
The main disadvantage is that the tourist center is located in the Pavlodar region, which is the north of Kazakhstan, and this indicates an unstable, harsh climate. Cold, frosty winter is a major drawback, because at this time the lake will not be able to function for bathing. Just a drawback is a bad road to the lake, but with the development of the project we want to eliminate this defect and build a new road.
Table 1 SWOT analysis of the touristic place
S (strengths)-
Lake Maraldy is salty, which makes it possible not to travel on the sea, but to relax in our place. This touristic center suitable for people of different ages and also nationalities. There will trained employees in order to have high service.
Our center will provide staff with knowing common languages. Moreover, touristic place will provide variety of programs and entertainment venues. The tourist zone is suitable for all ages and it is not only a recreation area, also, it is a place of health procedures.
W (weaknesses)-
It is located near the “Moyldy”
sanatorium which can be competitor for us.
Competitors can offer similar services and programs. Limited start-up costs. Arising problems between local people and visitors.
Budget constraints
Pollution of nature by visitors
Infrastructure issues with respect to transport
Low support from government Low Corporation
O (opportunities)-
Opportunity to bring a support from the government and their programs (Damu, Atameken). Increased co-operation and partnering with tour agencies and governmental organizations. Touristic center will search new possibilities, exclusive ones and opportunity to utilize a modern technologies and in order to improve health of people. Can be promoted touristic center, which bring benefits. Good location with environment, creating first modern infrastructure, new housing developments, additional improving program, working on the plan, giving attention to the project and comprehensive work under leadership, Inviting qualified professionals from abroad. Potential to develop tourism.
T(threats)-
First of all, there is a risk that the state treasury will not be able to finance the mortgaged proceeds and the local budget, and will not be able to collect the funds from the local budget.
Secondly, there is a risk of not finding the right specialists, personnel, urban doctors and good partner organizations. Thirdly, while building a tourist center, cannot be guaranteed the revival of domestic tourism. Vandalism, terrorism
Political instability. High investments required to meet the needs of population. Increasing dissatisfaction.
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Despite its shortcomings, this project is unique. Uniqueness lies in its combination of a medical sanatorium and recreation area, which can stay the main touristic place in Kazakhstan.
Also, this project can suggest some social programs for its location:
First of all, the opening of a sanatorium-tourist place on Lake Maraldy will reduce the unemployed not only in the Shcherbakty settlement, but also in the Pavlodar region. It is a good benefit for our country. As well as, we will provide work for people with disabilities who will also be able to develop in a certain working direction and earn money.
Secondly, we can help in increasing the welfare of the population, increasing working women and increasing the income for each family.
Thirdly, we can reduce emigration and increase immigration due to our tourist destination.
Thus, we will increase the demographic number of people, which will be predominantly for our multinational country.
Fourthly, the infrastructure of the Shcherbakty district, and in particular the village of Kyzyltan, will develop. That is, it is improving the quality of roads, lighting, heat supply. Also, there will develop municipal economy.
Fifthly, this project will help in the development of small and medium-sized businesses in this village. That is, it is the construction of hotels and buildings of different designs. Moreover, local residents will learn and learn a lot about other nationalities. Tourists from abroad will be able to share their culture, their traditions, faith and other aspects of their life, which may be of interest to our residents. Thus, we can learn many things about other countries. That can change or improve the worldview of our citizens.
Moreover, the touristic center presents a variety of environmental aspects that, depending on the activity, may have a significant impact on the environment. Its users are consuming resources such as energy and water on a daily basis and generating a great deal of solid waste and effluents.
This industry is example of some of the sectors that provide with more information on this issue. It discusses the main environmental impacts generated by this center and highlights the possible environmental strategies that can lead to improvements in environmental management in this particular activity. Some aspects of the environment are very obvious from our day to day lives, such as increasing traffic levels, together with the associated air pollution and loss of green belt.
References:
1. Article “Sacred Lake Maraldy”, 2014 y. Access mode:
http://mogorelovo.ru/foto_i_video/tvorchestvo_zhitelej_mo/svyataya_sol_maraldy_larisa_orl/
2. Article “Status and importance of health-resort complex on Russian market and Khabarovsk territory market” Access mode: https://sibac.info/studconf/econom/xix/37829
DEVELOPMENT OF HOTEL INDUSTRT IN KAZAKHSTAN Dissenova Sh. S.
L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan Republic of Kazakhstan
E-mail: [email protected]
The tourism industry is one of the most profitable sectors in the world, second only to the fuel and energy and military-industrial complexes. Today, many countries are raising their GDP through tourism. Therefore, the development of tourism is one of the main goals of the development of the economy of our country.
The most dynamically developing tourism sub-industry, bringing multimillion-dollar profits on the scale of the national economies of many countries, is the hotel business. As part of the tourism, the hotel business carries a huge potential for the development of the state market. It is a system-
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forming industry, creating a complex set of financial and economic relations between business entities of various directions.
1. Hotel industry
An important place in the tourism industry is occupied by the hotel complex, the wide and diverse nature of which also covers elements related to it by sectors of the industry, such as food, recreation and entertainment, etc.
When exploring the hotel industry, you should pay attention to the main indicators characterizing their activities: average occupancy, profitability, the degree of depreciation of facilities, and some others. Relatively prosperous can be considered the state of the region of the Krasnodar Territory. Hospitality companies have common characteristics that determine the nature of the hospitality industry.
Accommodation is the most important element of tourism. No accommodation (overnight) - no tourism. The hotel industry is at the heart of the hospitality system. It comes from the oldest traditions inherent in almost any social formation in the history of mankind. There are tourist centers and areas that live solely due to transit tourists and sightseeing services.
Means and accommodation system - fixed assets - buildings of various types and types, specially adapted for receiving and organizing overnight stays for temporary visitors with a different level of service. The number of beds in the hotel industry is the most important indicator used to assess the potential of a tourist center or region to receive tourists. And the intensity of loading the number of rooms adequately determines the effectiveness of the local administration and tourism organizers.
Today, the hospitality industry is a powerful system of economy of a region or a tourist center and an important component of the tourism economy. The hospitality industry consists of various means of collective and individual accommodation: hotels, hotels, motels, youth hostels and hostels, apartments, tourist shelters, as well as the private sector involved in tourist accommodation.
According to the level, assortment and cost of services, hotel enterprises are divided into several types:
Cheap or limited service hotels that offer a minimum of services. At the same time, there may or may not be catering facilities with them;
luxury hotels - have luxurious decor, equipped with high-quality furniture, well-equipped public areas and should be provided with a large number of staff in relation to the number of rooms.
WTO (World Tourism Organization), depending on the consumer of hotel services in the modern hotel market, recommends allocating the following types of hotels:
The luxury hotel with 100-400 rooms is located, as a rule, in the city center and provides elite living conditions for top-level managers at a very high price.
The high-class hotel has from 400 to 2000 rooms, is located within the city and offers a wide range of services provided by trained personnel, businessmen, conference participants, individual tourists; it is equipped with expensive furniture and equipment. The price of accommodation is above average.
A mid-range hotel is aimed at a wide range of consumers, may have a different number of rooms. Seeks to use modern technology, reducing operating costs and adhering to the average price level [1].
Apart-hotel usually has from 100 to 400 rooms with conditions similar to furnished rooms.
Prices vary depending on the season and accommodation conditions. It is aimed at businessmen or tourists staying for a long time.
An economy-class hotel can be small, with the number of rooms from 10 to 150. It is located in the city, has a small staff, well-equipped rooms, but does not provide catering services. Consumers are, as a rule, businessmen, individual tourists.
Motel - designed for tourists traveling by car. It can have from 150 to 400 rooms, is located near highways, has a small staff and suggests low prices with modern well-equipped rooms. No catering services.
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The resort hotel can have from 100 to 500 rooms, it is usually remote from the city and is located near reservoirs, in picturesque places; It offers a full range of services, has many sports facilities, playgrounds; prices are above average, targeted at different categories of tourists.
Timeshare - from 50 to 250 rooms, separate buildings are possible. It has apartment-type rooms and conditions similar to resort hotels. Separate apartments are sold to individual owners;
however, the full ownership is controlled by the management company. The price of a timeshare depends on the characteristics of the season, as well as the time of stay. Living in less attractive periods of time costs significantly less than during the high season. The owner of the room has the opportunity to use the property for a certain time, in proportion to the contribution made. Usually,
“property” is acquired for a period of 10 years until unlimited use. Usage times are measured in weeks. The owner can relax in the purchased apartment in "their" weeks or exchange a place of rest for a similar one within the "acquired season"[2].
What is the hotel market? During the study, both demand and supply in the hotel services market were studied.
An analysis of the demand for accommodation services shows that there continues to be a lack of affordable, good-quality hotels. Those. the main problem that consumers of hotel services are facing is the lack of large cheap hotels and guest houses of a class from "one star" to "three stars"
with low prices and quality services. This niche in the hotel services market is free. There are also completely no youth hostels, hostels, which are very popular abroad.
In turn, hotel facilities often face the problem of low occupancy. The full load of hotels is mainly due to various official, cultural and sports events, which, unfortunately, do not happen so often. Therefore, inbound tourism remains the main “supplier” of guests for hotel enterprises, but it is also not up to the mark and few tourists are still coming to us [3].
2. Trends in the development of the hotel business in Kazakhstan
In accordance with the approved Strategic Plan for the Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2020, by 2020 Kazakhstan will already be among the fifty most competitive countries in the world with a favorable business climate, which will allow attracting significant foreign investment in non-resource sectors of the country's economy. Particular importance will be attached to the further development of the capital of Kazakhstan - Astana. In accordance with the approved Strategic Plan for the Sustainable Development of Astana until 2030, the main task is to create the capital of Kazakhstan as a city with a competitive economy, attractive to citizens of the country and tourists, with a favorable environment [4].
According to the Pareto hypothesis, 20% of goods give the company 80% of the total turnover.
In this case, it is possible to rank cities and regions that make up the “main” 20% of the hotel business in Kazakhstan, according to available indicators. The first four leaders are concentrated cities and regions that occupy leading positions in the ranking and cover from 50-60% of the number of rooms in the Republic of Kazakhstan, then from 20-30% are Akmola, Almaty, Mangistau, Pavlodar and Atyrau regions. The smallest percentage is correspondingly in other areas. From our analysis it follows that based on the available statistical data, it is possible to classify and rank cities and regions according to the development of indicators of hotel enterprises in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The problem of ensuring sustainable economic development of tourism in Kazakhstan is closely related to the search for optimal ways to maximize its potential opportunities and the increase in the number of enterprises involved in the provision of tourism services, as well as accommodation services. Prediction of the growth of subjects by 2030 showed that the average annual growth of these indicators should reach 15%, with an increase in the stay of travelers by 15% and an annual increase in the provision of tourist services by more than 30 million tenge [5].
The main development potential of modern hotel enterprises depends on the level of management. Neither the development and implementation of an effective strategy, nor successful organizational changes in a hotel are possible if it does not have an effective management mechanism and high-performance indicators are unattainable without the formation of a holistic management system that meets the highest requirements of hospitality management.